Movement Disorders
Gait disorders
Mar. 01, 2024
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Toll Free (U.S. + Canada): 800-452-2400
US Number: +1-619-640-4660
Support: service@medlink.com
Editor: editor@medlink.com
ISSN: 2831-9125
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Methionine, which is formed by methylation of homocysteine (using either 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate (5-methyl THF) or betaine as a methyl donor), is essential for the production of s-adenosyl-methionine (SAM), which in turn is used to methylate DNA. Chronic heavy drinking reduces folate levels and inhibits methionine synthase (MS), resulting in a reduction of methionine and SAM and the concurrent increase in homocysteine and s-adenosyl-homocysteine (SAH). SAH further inhibits DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), ultimately resulting in global hypomethylation of DNA. (Source: Zakhari S. Alcohol metabolism and epigenetics changes. Alcohol Res 2013;35(1):6-16. Public domain.)