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A “drum" in which skins were churned to soften and remove waste matter

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Hides and skins were usually imported in a raw state and had to be tanned before they could be used in manufacture. At the tannery, the skins were sorted and then soaked, which brought the “dry” hides to a moist flexible state that allowed more complete absorption of the tannin from the subsequent tan liquors. The “soak” removed much of the earth, blood, dirt, and spores adhering to the hides, which considerably decreased the risk of anthrax infection, although it did not destroy the spores. (Source: Andrews JB. Anthrax as an occupational disease. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics No. 205. Industrial accidents and hygiene series. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1917. Andrews JB. Anthrax as an occupational disease. Revision of Bulletin 205. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics No. 267. Industrial accidents and hygiene series. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1920. Plate 8.)