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Thyroid gland and surrounding structures

Thyroid gland and surrounding structures. The right and left lobes are shown, as is a third lobe, the pyramidal lobe, extending superiorly from the isthmus. The thyroid gland lies anterior to the trachea, inferior to the thyroid cartilage of the larynx, and medial to the common carotid arteries and the internal jugular veins. (Source: Gray H, Lewis WH. Anatomy of the human body. 20th edition. Philadelphia and New York: Lea & Fibiger, 1918. Public domain.)

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Associated Disorders

  • Endocrine ophthalmopathy
  • Graves disease
  • Graves ophthalmopathy
  • Hashimoto thyroiditis
  • Hoffmann syndrome
  • Hyperthyroid myopathy
  • Hypothalamic dysfunction
  • Hypothyroid myopathy
  • Kocher-Debre-Semelaigne syndrome
  • Pituitary dysfunction
  • Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy
  • Thyrotoxic myopathy
  • Thyrotoxic ocular myopathy