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Brain MRI in a 65-year-old man with Defoville (Foville) syndrome

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(A-C) T1-weighted sequence and (D) gradient-echo sequence. The cerebral MRI shows a brainstem cavernous malformation (A, white arrowhead), associated with a bilateral cerebellar developmental venous anomaly most prominent on the right side and draining into the vein of Galen (A-C, black arrowheads). The brainstem cavernous malformation was responsible for a medial pontine hematoma (B and D, black arrows). (Source: Beucler N, Boissonneau S, Ruf A, Fuentes S, Carron R, Dufour H. Crossed brainstem syndrome revealing bleeding brainstem cavernous malformation: an illustrative case. BMC Neurol 2021;21[1]:204. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International [CC BY 4.0] license, creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0.)