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Thiamine- and magnesium-dependent metabolic pathways

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Red arrows, thiamine- and magnesium-dependent reactions; black arrows, reactions not dependent on thiamine. Abbreviations: α-KGDH, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase; BCAKDH, branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase; F6P, d-fructose 6-phosphate; G3P, d-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; G6P, d-glucose 6- phosphate; HOACol, 2-hydroxy acyl-CoA lyase 1; PDHG, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex; TKL, transketolase. (Source: Ott M, Werneke U. Wernicke's encephalopathy: from basic science to clinical practice. Part 1: Understanding the role of thiamine. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2020;10:2045125320978106. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International [CC BY 4.0] license, creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0.)