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3D representation of four anatomical ganglionated plexus locations

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A three-dimensional representation of four anatomical ganglionated plexus locations. White (anterior) and grey (posterior) circles indicate ganglionated plexus areas within the heart. (1) The right anterior ganglionated plexus (RAGP) is located on the posterior superior surface of the right atrium, adjacent to the junction of the superior vena cava (SVC) and right atrium, close to the right superior pulmonary vein (RSPV). (2) The left superior ganglionated plexus (LSGP) is located on the posterior surface of the left atrium between the left pulmonary veins (PVs). (3) The right inferior ganglionated plexus (RIGP) is located on the posterior surface of the right atrium, adjacent to the interatrial groove. (4) The left inferior ganglionated plexus (LIGP) is located on the posterior medial surface of the left atrium, close to the left inferior pulmonary vein (LIPV). (5) The left lateral ganglionated plexus (LLGP, not shown) is located in the area around the ligament of Marshall and can be viewed with a left lateral view. (Source: Yarkoni M, Rehman WU, Bajwa A, Yarkoni A, Rehman AU. Ganglionated plexus ablation procedures to treat vasovagal syncope. Int J Mol Sci 2023;24[17]:13264. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International [CC BY 4.0] license, creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0.)