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Extensive spinal superficial siderosis and ventral epidural fluid collection at the upper thoracic level in woman with ventral dural defect

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Sagittal susceptibility-weighted imaging of the spinal cord in a 73-year-old woman with a ventral dural defect at the level of the second thoracic vertebra with spontaneous intracranial hypotension and recurrent subarachnoid bleeding over more than 10 years. Extensive spinal superficial siderosis (arrows) and ventral epidural fluid collection at the upper thoracic level (arrowheads). (Source: Weidauer S, Neuhaus E, Hattingen E. Cerebral superficial siderosis: etiology, neuroradiological features and clinical findings. Clin Neuroradiol 2023;33[2]:293-306. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International [CC BY 4.0] license, creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0.)