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External carotid artery branches and important extra-intracranial anastomotic connections

(1) Angular artery (facial artery branch from external carotid artery, ECA) with orbital branches from ophthalmic artery (internal carotid artery, ICA branch); (2) Middle meningeal artery (ECA branch) with caroticotympanic artery (ICA branch); (3) Occipital artery (ECA branch) with vertebral artery; (4) Ascending pharyngeal artery (ECA branch) with vertebral artery. (Contributed by Dr. Diogo C Haussen.)