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Down syndrome patient (early illustration of face, foot, and skull)

These were among the first illustrations in medical literature depicting Down syndrome, presented in 1876 in a paper by Fraser and Mitchell. (Contributed by Dr. George Capone.)

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  • Aortic regurgitation
  • Articulation disorder
  • Atlantoaxial subluxation
  • Atrioventricular canal
  • Auditory impairment
  • Autism spectrum disorder
  • C1-C2 instability
  • C1-C2 subluxation
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  • Chronic otitis media
  • Cognitive impairment
  • Congenital gastrointestinal anomaly
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  • Dementia
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  • Gross motor delays
  • Growth retardation
  • Hepatitis B carrier
  • Hirschsprung disease
  • Hyperthyroid
  • Hyporeflexia
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Hypotonia
  • Imperforate anus
  • Infantile spasms
  • Intellectual disability
  • Leukemia
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  • Mental retardation
  • Mitral valve prolapse
  • Neuromotor dysfunction
  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder
  • Obstructive sleep apnea
  • Osteoporosis
  • Presbycusis
  • Pyloric stenosis
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  • Sleep disorders associated with encephalopathy and mental retardation
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  • Tricuspid valve prolapse
  • Vertebral anomaly