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Osmotic demyelination syndrome (macroscopic section of brain) (1)

Macrosection of pons from a patient with central pontine myelinolysis showing central area of demyelination. Preservation of myelin in pontine tegmentum (top portion) distinguishes this lesion from multiple sclerosis. Preservation of the most ventral (bottom) myelin and preservation of neurons distinguishes this lesion from infarction. (Contributed by Dr. Jack Riggs.)

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Associated Disorders

  • Alcoholism
  • Extrapontine myelinolysis
  • Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
  • Hypokalemia
  • Malnutrition
  • Osmotic myelinolysis